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Table 1 Attributes of the E-cyclins

From: Distinct and redundant functions of cyclin E1 and cyclin E2 in development and cancer

 

Cyclin E1 (CCNE1)

Cyclin E2 (CCNE2)

Chromosomal location

19q12

8q22.1

Isoforms

2 (Full length and 15 amino acid N-terminal truncation)

1

Transcriptional regulation

Upregulated by:

Upregulated by:

 

E2F1, E2F2, E2F3 [55–57]

E2F1, E2F2, E2F3 [55–57]

 

P300/CBP [58], Src3 [59], Carm1 [60]

P300/CBP*, Src3 [61], Carm1 [61]

 

Suppressed by:

Chd8 [74, 75]

 

HDAC1 [58, 62, 63], SUV39H1/HP1 [64, 65], BRG1/hBRM [66], PRMT5/COPR5 [68–71]

CDP/Cux p110 [47]

  

Suppressed by:

  

HDAC1*, SUV39H1/HP1*, BRG1/hBRM*, PRMT5/COPR5 [68–71]

miRNA regulation

miR15b [86], miRNA 16 family [87]

miR-9, miR-34c and miR200a [88], miR34a [89], miR26a [90]

Post-translational cleavage

Yes [98]

No [99]

Tissue expression

Embryonic cells

Embryonic cells

 

   - Very high in mouse embryonic stem cells [45]

   - Absent in mouse embryonic stem cells [45]

 

   - Sole E-cyclin from fertilisation to blastula stage in Xenopus [39]

   - Not expressed during embryonic cycles of Xenopus [39]

 

Adult tissues

Adult tissues

 

   - Mouse: moderate in brain, testes and thymus, low in intestine and spleen [45]

   - Mouse: high in testes, low to moderate in brain, intestine, muscle and thymus [45]

 

   - Human: very high in placenta, high in testes, low to moderate in thymus, small intestine and colon [5]

   -Human: high in brain, placenta, testes and thymus, low to moderate in spleen, thymus, small intestine and colon [5]

 

Polyploid cells

Polyploid cells

 

   - Low expression in mature trophoblast giant cells [20]

   - Sustained expression in mature trophoblast giant cells [20]

 

   - Low expression compared to CCNE2 in hepatocytes [44]

   - High expression compared to CCNE1 in hepatocytes [44], increased expression with increased polyploidy [43]

Knockout mouse

Normal fertility [13, 20]

Male infertility and testicular atrophy [13, 20]

 

Slight delay in liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy [44]

Accelerated liver regeneration and increased hepatocyte polyploidy following partial hepatectomy [44]

  1. * by inference from data on CCNE1