Fig. 1

PTMs regulation of Hippo pathway. Left top pink region the canonical inhibitory kinase module of Hippo pathway. A kinase cascade comprising MST and LATS phosphorylates YAP and TAZ. The phosphorylated YAP and TAZ bind to 14-3-3 and are sequestered in the cytosol. Monomethylated YAP via Set7 is also critical for cytoplasmic retention. Merlin activates Hippo pathway via binding LATS and inhibiting CRL4DCAF1 E3 ubiquitin ligase. TAO3 activates MST by phosphorylation in the same sites as those autophosphorylation sites of MST. Left bottom grey region Proliferation is induced when Hippo pathway is off. YAP and TAZ are translocated into nucleus and bind to DNA via forming complexes with Transcriptional enhancer factor TEFs (TEAD1-TEAD4) and other transcription factors. Left bottom region YAP mainly mediates p73-dependent pro-apoptotic gene transcription in some situation such as DNA damage irritation. PML recruits YAP to the nuclear body and stabilizes p73. C-Abl promotes the association of YAP with p73, promoting apoptosis. ①NEK1/CK1ε/δ for TAZ