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Table 1 Key cell cycle regulators known to be substrates and interacting partners of PRMTs

From: Protein arginine methylation: an emerging regulator of the cell cycle

Protein

Interacting PRMT

Known methylated residues

Result of methylation or PRMT interaction

Refs.

BGT2

PRMT1

BGT2 regulates PRMT1 activity in pre-B cells

[103]

CDK4

PRMT1

R55, R73, R82, R163

Destabilization of CDK4-cyclin D3 complex leading to pre-B cell differentiation

[103]

PRMT5

Interaction of CDK4 and PRMT5 regulates pRb/E2F-mediated transcription

[119]

Cyclin D1

PRMT2

Knockdown of PRMT2 correlates with increased cyclin D1

[111]

PRMT5

Increased nuclear PRMT5 correlates with increased cyclin D1 protein levels

[121]

E2F1

PRMT1

R109

Assists E2F1-dependent apoptosis during DNA damage

[104, 105]

PRMT4

Regulates E2F expression

[113]

PRMT5

R111, R113

Promotes cell proliferation

[104, 106]

Fanca

PRMT5

Regulation of PRMT5-mediated methylation of p53

[131]

p16

PRMT1

R138

Regulates p16 and CDK4 interaction to regulate cell proliferation

[107]

PRMT5

Increased nuclear PRMT5 negatively correlates with p16 protein expression and is associated with poor survival

[121]

PRMT6

R22, R131, R138

Methylation of p16 reduces binding of p16 with CDK4

[136]

p21

PRMT2

Knockdown of PRMT2 correlates with increased p21 expression

[110]

PRMT6

Inhibition allowing cell cycle progression

[132]

R156

Increased cytoplasmic localisation of p21, resulting in resistance to doxorubicin

[135]

p27

PRMT6

Inhibition allowing cell cycle progression

[132]

p53

PRMT5

R333, R335, R337

Affects promoter specificity of p53 and enhances p53-dependent cell cycle arrest

[127]

Unknown

R213

Mediates p21 activation for cell cycle progression

[129]

pRb

PRMT2

Repression of E2F transcriptional activity and cell cycle progression by binding to pRb

[108]

PRMT4

R775, R787, R798

Decreases binding of pRb to E2F-1 leading to increased cell proliferation

[109]