Fig. 5

GDF15-related genes are enriched in biological pathways associated with iron metabolism and ferroptosis. A, B. Dot plots showing the results of significantly enriched pathways by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) that was positively (A) or negatively (B) correlated with GDF15 expression, where dot size and color represent the number of gene entities included in a given pathway term and the adjusted p value, respectively. C-D. GSEA plots exhibiting selected enriched pathways in WikiPathways (C) and Gene Ontology—Molecular Function (D) knowledgebases. E Bar plots showing the results of MDA assay performed in 769-p and Caki-1 cells. F Bar plots showing the results of iron assay performed in 769-p and Caki-1 cells. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01