Fig. 4

Downregulation of GSDMD improves alcohol-induced hepatocyte mitochondrial dysfunction. GSDMD downregulation shRNA (sh-GSDMD) or negative control shRNA (sh-NC) were transfected into hepatocytes. After transfection, hepatocytes were stimulated with or without 40% alcohol for 48 h. A Flow cytometry analysis of ROS using DCFH-DA in hepatocytes. B The gene expression of mtDNA (ND1 and ND2) in hepatocytes was determined by qPCR. C The level of ATP in hepatocytes was measured by ATP kits. D Mitochondrial membrane potential of cells was analyzed by Flow cytometry with by a JC-1 staining kit. E The protein expression levels of Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, Drp1 and Fis1 in hepatocytes were measured by western blot. Data are presented as mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01