Articles

CRY arrests Cop1 to regulate circadian rhythms in mammals

Cryptochromes (CRYs) are UVA and blue light photoreceptors present in all major evolutionary lineages ranging from cyanobacteria to plants and animals, including mammals. In plants, blue light activates CRYs t...

Authors: Choogon Lee

MicroRNAs’ control of cancer cell dormancy

‘Dormancy’, in the context of carcinogenesis, is a biological phenomenon of decreased cancer cell proliferation and metabolism. In view of their ability to remain quiescent, cancer cells are able to avoid cell...

Authors: Tatiana G. Ruksha

Correction to: Reactivation of TAp73 tumor suppressor by protoporphyrin IX, a metabolite of aminolevulinic acid, induces apoptosis in TP53-deficient cancer cells

The authors note a correction to the article [1]. Figure 1d of the original article has an error. The pcDNA3/Ctrl and the pcDNA3-TAp73a/DMSO wells are duplicated. This article presents the corrected version of...

Authors: Alicja Sznarkowska, Anna Kostecka, Anna Kawiak, Pilar Acedo, Mattia Lion, Alberto Inga and Joanna Zawacka‑Pankau

Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase gamma accumulates at the spindle pole and prevents microtubule depolymerization

A previous screen of a human kinase and phosphatase shRNA library to select genes that mediate arsenite induction of spindle abnormalities resulted in the identification of phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-k...

Authors: Tz-Chi Lin, Hsiao-Hui Kuo, Yi-Chen Wu, Tiffany S. Pan and Ling-Huei Yih

Septin and Ras regulate cytokinetic abscission in detached cells

Integrin-mediated adhesion is normally required for cytokinetic abscission, and failure in the process can generate potentially oncogenic tetraploid cells. Here, detachment-induced formation of oncogenic tetra...

Authors: Deepesh Kumar Gupta, Siamak A. Kamranvar, Jian Du, Liangwen Liu and Staffan Johansson

Nucleoporin Nup58 localizes to centrosomes and mid-bodies during mitosis

Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) act as nano-turnstiles within nuclear membranes between the cytoplasm and nucleus of mammalian cells. NPC proteins, called nucleoporins (Nups), mediate trafficking of proteins and...

Authors: Hartono, Masaharu Hazawa, Kee Siang Lim, Firli R. P. Dewi, Akiko Kobayashi and Richard W. Wong

Overexpression of P16 reversed the MDR1-mediated DDP resistance in the cervical adenocarcinoma by activating the ERK1/2 signaling pathway

To investigate the role of P16 (INK4a)-extracellular signal related kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway in cisplatin (DDP) resistance induced by multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1), also known as P-glycopr...

Authors: Yun Xiao, Mei-rong Liang, Cheng-cheng Liu, Ya-nan Wang, Yang Zeng, Jun Zhou, Hui-ting Zhu, Qin Wang, Yang Zou and Si-yuan Zeng

M2I-1 disrupts the in vivo interaction between CDC20 and MAD2 and increases the sensitivities of cancer cell lines to anti-mitotic drugs via MCL-1s

Drugs such as taxanes, epothilones, and vinca alkaloids are widely used in the treatment of breast, ovarian, and lung cancers but come with major side effects such as neuropathy and loss of neutrophils and as ...

Authors: Jianquan Li, Nanmao Dang, Nuria Martinez-Lopez, Paul A. Jowsey, Dong Huang, Robert N. Lightowlers, Fei Gao and Jun-Yong Huang

HSP70 is required for the proper assembly of pericentriolar material and function of mitotic centrosomes

At the onset of mitosis, the centrosome expands and matures, acquiring enhanced activities for microtubule nucleation and assembly of a functional bipolar mitotic spindle. However, the mechanisms that regulate...

Authors: Chieh-Ting Fang, Hsiao-Hui Kuo, Shao-Chun Hsu and Ling-Huei Yih

A novel resveratrol derivative induces mitotic arrest, centrosome fragmentation and cancer cell death by inhibiting γ-tubulin

Resveratrol and its natural stilbene-containing derivatives have been extensively investigated as potential chemotherapeutic agents. The synthetic manipulation of the stilbene scaffold has led to the generatio...

Authors: Gianandrea Traversi, David Sasah Staid, Mario Fiore, Zulema Percario, Daniela Trisciuoglio, Roberto Antonioletti, Veronica Morea, Francesca Degrassi and Renata Cozzi

p27kip1 at the crossroad between actin and microtubule dynamics

The p27^kip1 protein, mainly known as a negative regulator of cell proliferation, has also been involved in the control of other cellular processes, including the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics. Notably, thes...

Authors: Gian Luca Rampioni Vinciguerra, Francesca Citron, Ilenia Segatto, Barbara Belletti, Andrea Vecchione and Gustavo Baldassarre

Replication stress-induced Exo1 phosphorylation is mediated by Rad53/Pph3 and Exo1 nuclear localization is controlled by 14-3-3 proteins

Mechanisms controlling DNA resection at sites of damage and affecting genome stability have been the subject of deep investigation, though their complexity is not yet fully understood. Specifically, the regula...

Authors: Nagaraja Chappidi, Giuseppe De Gregorio and Stefano Ferrari

Reactivation of TAp73 tumor suppressor by protoporphyrin IX, a metabolite of aminolevulinic acid, induces apoptosis in TP53-deficient cancer cells

The p73 protein is a tumor suppressor that shares structural and functional similarity with p53. p73 is expressed in two major isoforms; the TA isoform that interacts with p53 pathway, thus acting as tumor sup...

Authors: Alicja Sznarkowska, Anna Kostecka, Anna Kawiak, Pilar Acedo, Mattia Lion, Alberto Inga and Joanna Zawacka-Pankau

Kif18a regulates Sirt2-mediated tubulin acetylation for spindle organization during mouse oocyte meiosis

During oocyte meiosis, the cytoskeleton dynamics, especially spindle organization, are critical for chromosome congression and segregation. However, the roles of the kinesin superfamily in this process are sti...

Authors: Feng Tang, Meng-Hao Pan, Xiang Wan, Yujie Lu, Yu Zhang and Shao-Chen Sun

Triple A patient cells suffering from mitotic defects fail to localize PGRMC1 to mitotic kinetochore fibers

Membrane-associated progesterone receptors are restricted to the endoplasmic reticulum and are shown to regulate the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes which are involved in steroidogenesis or drug detoxifica...

Authors: Ramona Jühlen, Dana Landgraf, Angela Huebner and Katrin Koehler

The functional diversity of Aurora kinases: a comprehensive review

Aurora kinases are serine/threonine kinases essential for the onset and progression of mitosis. Aurora members share a similar protein structure and kinase activity, but exhibit distinct cellular and subcellul...

Authors: Estelle Willems, Matthias Dedobbeleer, Marina Digregorio, Arnaud Lombard, Paul Noel Lumapat and Bernard Rogister

Measuring DNA content in live cells by fluorescence microscopy

Live-cell fluorescence microscopy (LCFM) is a powerful tool used to investigate cellular dynamics in real time. However, the capacity to simultaneously measure DNA content in cells being tracked over time rema...

Authors: Cecil J. Gomes, Michael W. Harman, Sara M. Centuori, Charles W. Wolgemuth and Jesse D. Martinez

IMP/GTP balance modulates cytoophidium assembly and IMPDH activity

Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo GTP biosynthesis, plays an important role in cell metabolism and proliferation. It has been demonstrated that IMPDH can aggregat...

Authors: Gerson Dierley Keppeke, Chia Chun Chang, Min Peng, Li-Yu Chen, Wei-Cheng Lin, Li-Mei Pai, Luis Eduardo Coelho Andrade, Li-Ying Sung and Ji-Long Liu

Eg5 orchestrates porcine oocyte maturational progression by maintaining meiotic organelle arrangement

Kinesin superfamily proteins are microtubule-based molecular motors essential for the intracellular transport of various cargos, including organelles, proteins, and RNAs. However, their exact roles during mamm...

Authors: Yan Xie, Minghui Cheng, Shan Lu, Qilong Yuan, Dongyu Yang, Ying Chen, Chen Pan, Yurong Qiu and Bo Xiong

Protein arginine methylation: an emerging regulator of the cell cycle

Protein arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification where a methyl group is added onto arginine residues of a protein to alter detection by its binding partners or regulate its activity. I...

Authors: Anita E. Raposo and Sabine C. Piller

Subunits of human condensins are potential therapeutic targets for cancers

The main role of condensins is to regulate chromosome condensation and segregation during cell cycles. Recently, it has been suggested in the literatures that subunits of condensin I and condensin II are invol...

Authors: Hong-Zhen Wang, Si-Han Yang, Gui-Ying Li and Xudong Cao

Phasing in on the cell cycle

Just like all matter, proteins can also switch between gas, liquid and solid phases. Protein phase transition has claimed the spotlight in recent years as a novel way of how cells compartmentalize and regulate...

Authors: Steven Boeynaems, Peter Tompa and Ludo Van Den Bosch

The emerging roles of CDK12 in tumorigenesis

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of both cell cycle progression and transcription. Since dysregulation of CDKs is a frequently occurring event driving tumorigenesis, CDKs have been tested ext...

Authors: Hana Paculová and Jiří Kohoutek

Proteins associated with the doubling time of the NCI-60 cancer cell lines

The varied nature of human cancers is recapitulated, at least to some extent, in the diverse NCI-60 panel of human cancer cell lines. Here, I used a basic, continuous variable of proliferating cells, their dou...

Authors: Michael Polymenis

Erratum to: Rpl22 is required for IME1 mRNA translation and meiotic induction in S. cerevisiae

Authors: Stephen K. Kim and Randy Strich

Erratum to: Electrostatic forces drive poleward chromosome motions at kinetochores

Authors: L. John Gagliardi and Daniel H. Shain

Multiple molecular interactions redundantly contribute to RB-mediated cell cycle control

The G1-S phase transition is critical to maintaining proliferative control and preventing carcinogenesis. The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor is a key regulator of this step in the cell cycle.

Authors: Michael J. Thwaites, Matthew J. Cecchini, Srikanth Talluri, Daniel T. Passos, Jasmyne Carnevale and Frederick A. Dick

Systematic epistatic mapping of cellular processes

Genetic screens have identified many novel components of various biological processes, such as components required for cell cycle and cell division. While forward genetic screens typically generate unstructure...

Authors: Maximilian Billmann and Michael Boutros

The Irr1/Scc3 protein implicated in chromosome segregation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a dual nuclear-cytoplasmic localization

Correct chromosome segregation depends on the sister chromatid cohesion complex. The essential, evolutionarily conserved regulatory protein Irr1/Scc3, is responsible for the complex loading onto DNA and for it...

Authors: Piotr Kowalec, Jan Fronk and Anna Kurlandzka

Electrostatic forces drive poleward chromosome motions at kinetochores

Recent experiments regarding Ndc80/Hec1 in force generation at kinetochores for chromosome motions have prompted speculation about possible models for interactions between positively charged molecules at kinet...

Authors: L. John Gagliardi and Daniel H. Shain

Erratum to: The loop-less ^tmCdc34 E2 mutant defective polyubiquitination in vitro and in vivo supports yeast growth in a manner dependent on Ubp14 and Cka2

Authors: Agnieszka Lass, Ross Cocklin, Kenneth M. Scaglione, Michael Skowyra, Sergey Korolev, Mark Goebl and Dorota Skowyra

The CSL proteins, versatile transcription factors and context dependent corepressors of the notch signaling pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a reiteratively used cell to cell communication pathway that triggers pleiotropic effects. The correct regulation of the pathway permits the efficient regulation of genes involve...

Authors: Humberto Contreras-Cornejo, Germán Saucedo-Correa, Javier Oviedo-Boyso, Juan José Valdez-Alarcón, Víctor Manuel Baizabal-Aguirre, Marcos Cajero-Juárez and Alejandro Bravo-Patiño

Interferon gamma-induced apoptosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is connected to indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase via mitochondrial and ER stress-associated pathways

Tumor response to immunotherapy is the consequence of a concerted crosstalk between cytokines and effector cells. Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is one of the common cytokines coordinating tumor immune response and t...

Authors: Siraj M. El Jamal, Erin B. Taylor, Zakaria Y. Abd Elmageed, Abdulhadi A. Alamodi, Denis Selimovic, Abdulaziz Alkhateeb, Matthias Hannig, Sofie Y. Hassan, Simeon Santourlidis, Paul L. Friedlander, Youssef Haikel, Srinivasan Vijaykumar, Emad Kandil and Mohamed Hassan

Rpl22 is required for IME1 mRNA translation and meiotic induction in S. cerevisiae

The transition from mitotic cell division to meiotic development in S. cerevisiae requires induction of a transient transcription program that is initiated by Ime1-dependent destruction of the repressor Ume6. Alt...

Authors: Stephen J. Kim and Randy Strich

Insights into APC/C: from cellular function to diseases and therapeutics

Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) is a multifunctional ubiquitin-protein ligase that targets different substrates for ubiquitylation and therefore regulates a variety of cellular processes such as c...

Authors: Zhuan Zhou, Mingjing He, Anil A. Shah and Yong Wan

Cullin-RING ligases in regulation of autophagy

Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), the largest E3 ubiquitin ligase family, promote ubiquitination and degradation of various cellular key regulators involved in a broad array of physiological and pathological process...

Authors: Danrui Cui, Xiufang Xiong and Yongchao Zhao

The structure and regulation of Cullin 2 based E3 ubiquitin ligases and their biological functions

Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes play a central role in targeting cellular proteins for ubiquitination-dependent protein turnover through 26S proteasome. Cullin-2 is a member of the Cullin family, and...

Authors: Weijia Cai and Haifeng Yang

The T-box transcription factor TBX3 drives proliferation by direct repression of the p21^WAF1 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor

TBX3, a member of the T-box family of transcription factors, is essential in development and has emerged as an important player in the oncogenic process. TBX3 is overexpressed in several cancers and has been s...

Authors: Tarryn Willmer, Shannagh Hare, Jade Peres and Sharon Prince

Cul3-KLHL20 ubiquitin ligase: physiological functions, stress responses, and disease implications

Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases are the largest Ubiquitin ligase family in eukaryotes and are multi-protein complexes. In these complexes, the Cullin protein serves as a scaffold to connect two functional module...

Authors: Hsin-Yi Chen, Chin-Chih Liu and Ruey-Hwa Chen

New insights into posttranslational modifications of Hippo pathway in carcinogenesis and therapeutics

PTMs (posttranslational modifications) such as ubiquitylation, sumoylation, acetylation and protein methylation are pivotal modifiers that determine the activation, deactivation or subcellular localization of ...

Authors: Mingjing He, Zhuan Zhou, Anil A. Shah, Yang Hong, Qianming Chen and Yong Wan

Mitochondria-cytoskeleton associations in mammalian cytokinesis

The role of the cytoskeleton in regulating mitochondrial distribution in dividing mammalian cells is poorly understood. We previously demonstrated that mitochondria are transported to the cleavage furrow durin...

Authors: E. J. Lawrence, E. Boucher and C. A. Mandato

C1D family proteins in coordinating RNA processing, chromosome condensation and DNA damage response

Research on the involvement of C1D and its yeast homologues Rrp47 (S. cerevisiae) and Cti1 (S. pombe) in DNA damage repair and RNA processing has remained mutually exclusive, with most studies predominantly conce...

Authors: Rebecca A. Jackson, Jocelyn Shumei Wu and Ee Sin Chen

The role of cullin 5-containing ubiquitin ligases

The suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) box consists of the BC box and the cullin 5 (Cul5) box, which interact with Elongin BC and Cul5, respectively. SOCS box-containing proteins have ubiquitin ligase act...

Authors: Fumihiko Okumura, Akiko Joo-Okumura, Kunio Nakatsukasa and Takumi Kamura

Curcumin and tumor immune-editing: resurrecting the immune system

Curcumin has long been known to posses medicinal properties and recent scientific studies have shown its efficacy in treating cancer. Curcumin is now considered to be a promising anti-cancer agent and studies ...

Authors: Sayantan Bose, Abir Kumar Panda, Shravanti Mukherjee and Gaurisankar Sa

COP9-Signalosome deneddylase activity is enhanced by simultaneous neddylation: insights into the regulation of an enzymatic protein complex

Cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) are regulated by neddylation, which is a post translation modification of the Cullin family proteins. Neddylation of Cul1 activates the ligase through some means of biochem...

Authors: Gil Bornstein and Chagai Grossman

Sumo and the cellular stress response

The ubiquitin family member Sumo has important functions in many cellular processes including DNA repair, transcription and cell division. Numerous studies have shown that Sumo is essential for maintaining cel...

Authors: Jorrit M. Enserink

Aneuploidy and chromosomal instability in cancer: a jackpot to chaos

Genomic instability (GIN) is a hallmark of cancer cells that facilitates the acquisition of mutations conferring aggressive or drug-resistant phenotypes during cancer evolution. Chromosomal instability (CIN) i...

Authors: Maybelline Giam and Giulia Rancati

Mutations in the PCNA-binding site of CDKN1C inhibit cell proliferation by impairing the entry into S phase

CDKN1C (also known as P57 ^kip2 ) is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that functions as a negative regulator of cell proliferation through G1 ...

Authors: Kleiton S Borges, Valerie A Arboleda and Eric Vilain

Cyclin E2 is the predominant E-cyclin associated with NPAT in breast cancer cells

The cyclin E oncogene activates CDK2 to drive cells from G₁ to S phase of the cell cycle to commence DNA replication. It coordinates essential cellular functions with the cell cycle including histone biogenesis, ...

Authors: Samuel Rogers, Brian S Gloss, Christine S Lee, Claudio Marcelo Sergio, Marcel E Dinger, Elizabeth A Musgrove, Andrew Burgess and Catherine Elizabeth Caldon

Polar electrostatic forces drive poleward chromosome motions

Recent experiments revealing nanoscale electrostatic force generation at kinetochores for chromosome motions have prompted models for interactions between positively charged molecules in kinetochores and negat...

Authors: Lucian John Gagliardi and Daniel H Shain